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Electronics"},"subtitle":{"type":"html","$t":""},"link":[{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/feeds\/posts\/default"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/-\/7805?alt=json-in-script\u0026max-results=8"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/search\/label\/7805"},{"rel":"hub","href":"http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"realfinetime"},"uri":{"$t":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/profile\/10464280231816201372"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"generator":{"version":"7.00","uri":"http://www.blogger.com","$t":"Blogger"},"openSearch$totalResults":{"$t":"5"},"openSearch$startIndex":{"$t":"1"},"openSearch$itemsPerPage":{"$t":"8"},"entry":[{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6452105337873332232.post-1090649463329951410"},"published":{"$t":"2014-07-24T10:33:00.002-07:00"},"updated":{"$t":"2016-11-15T20:03:56.127-08:00"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"5V Voltage Regulator"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"7805"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"7905"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Analog Electronics"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Electronics"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Negative Voltage Regulator"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Voltage Regulator"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"-5V-0-5V Voltage Regulator Using 7805 and 7905"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; We have already seen the \u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/06\/few-simple-tips-for-efficient-use-of.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ESimple Tips for Efficient use of 78xx Linear Voltage Regulators\u003C\/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/07\/79xx-series-three-terminal-voltage.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003E79xx Series Three Terminal Voltage Regulators\u003C\/a\u003E. In this blog, we will see the regulated dual power supply using 7805 and 7905. Regulated dual power supply is designed to create positive and negative voltages. Such voltages are normally used in op-amps.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; A simple circuit to create regulated dual power supply is given below. A positive voltage regulator (7805) and a negative voltage regulator (7905) is used in this circuit. Seperate power supplies ( 9V Transistor battery ) are given to both regulators individually. Filter capacitors are normally connected across the input and output of regulators. Value of capacitance depends on the regulator. Two diodes, D1 and D2 should be connected for reverse bias protection of the regulators. Similarly another two diodes, D3 and D4 should be connected for output polarity reversal protection. Voltage at the output side of 7805 will be\u0026nbsp;+5V and voltage at the output side of 7905 will be -5V. Common point of both ICs will be shorted and the voltage at this point will be 0V.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Voltage across the output of 7805 and common will be 5V. Similarly, voltage across the common and output of 7905 will be 5V. Voltage across the output of 7805 and 7905 will be 10V.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-Hk8SDxZO6VQ\/U9FIJEg85CI\/AAAAAAAAUHM\/2OiUULC3ihE\/s1600\/TllyPd1406221048.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" height=\"406\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-Hk8SDxZO6VQ\/U9FIJEg85CI\/AAAAAAAAUHM\/2OiUULC3ihE\/s1600\/TllyPd1406221048.jpg\" width=\"640\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Pinout diagram of 7805 and 7905 is given below. In 7805 first pin is the input, second pin is the common and third pin is output. But in 7905, first pin is common, second pin is input and third pin is the output.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-opaTlI9UCDc\/U9ED95YB-CI\/AAAAAAAAUGU\/-JAFNK8Haks\/s1600\/white.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" height=\"334\" src=\"https:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-opaTlI9UCDc\/U9ED95YB-CI\/AAAAAAAAUGU\/-JAFNK8Haks\/s1600\/white.jpg\" width=\"640\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EIf the circuit is done successfully, check the\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; 1. Voltage across output of 7805 and common - 5V\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; 2. Voltage across common and output of 7905 - 5V\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; 3. Voltage across output of 7805 and output of 7905 - 10V\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/feeds\/1090649463329951410\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/07\/5v-0-5v-voltage-regulator-using-7805.html#comment-form","title":"0 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/1090649463329951410"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/1090649463329951410"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/07\/5v-0-5v-voltage-regulator-using-7805.html","title":"-5V-0-5V Voltage Regulator Using 7805 and 7905"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"realfinetime"},"uri":{"$t":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/profile\/10464280231816201372"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-Hk8SDxZO6VQ\/U9FIJEg85CI\/AAAAAAAAUHM\/2OiUULC3ihE\/s72-c\/TllyPd1406221048.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"0"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6452105337873332232.post-8593389614465996357"},"published":{"$t":"2014-07-13T22:41:00.001-07:00"},"updated":{"$t":"2016-11-15T20:02:03.509-08:00"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"7805"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"78xx"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Electronics"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Variable Voltage Regulator"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Voltage Regulator"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"Adjustable Output Voltage Regulator using 7805"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; I had already published my blog on\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/07\/5v-fixed-output-voltage-regulator-using.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003E5V Fixed-Output Voltage Regulator using 7805\u003C\/a\u003E. 78xx series ICs can also be used to create adjustable voltage regulator. This blog will give you some tips to create adjustable voltage regulator using 7805. Circuit is done as shown in the following diagram.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-ily7KiqM8Yc\/U8K_2GyneyI\/AAAAAAAATF4\/LYTztJxlLYA\/s1600\/TsIQv61405271880.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" height=\"356\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-ily7KiqM8Yc\/U8K_2GyneyI\/AAAAAAAATF4\/LYTztJxlLYA\/s1600\/TsIQv61405271880.jpg\" width=\"640\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; 7805 is capable of handling an input voltage from 7.5V to 25V. I gave an input voltage of 9V from an SMPS. A 0.33 micro Farad capacitor is connected across the input and a 0.1 micro Farad capacitor is connected across the output. R1 is fixed and R2 is variable. I kept R1 at 420 Ohms. Similarly a 0 - 200 Ohm variable resistor is used as R2. Output voltage is normally measured using a multimeter. Circuit can be summarised as given below.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E7805 \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;- \u0026nbsp;Voltage Regulator\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003EInput Voltage \u0026nbsp;- \u0026nbsp;9V, 1A supply from an SMPS\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003ER1 \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; - \u0026nbsp;420 Ohms\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003ER2 \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; - \u0026nbsp;0 - 200 Ohm Variable \u0026nbsp;\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003ECapacitors \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; - \u0026nbsp;0.33 micro Farad at input side and 0.1 micro Farad at output side.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Output voltage varies with the R2 resistance value. Output voltage can be calculated using a simple formula.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-vKrnl4GP8Mo\/U8LLW1SIAKI\/AAAAAAAATGQ\/DfOy05d3wAQ\/s1600\/Screenshot+from+2014-07-13+23%253A38%253A48.png\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" height=\"101\" src=\"https:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-vKrnl4GP8Mo\/U8LLW1SIAKI\/AAAAAAAATGQ\/DfOy05d3wAQ\/s1600\/Screenshot+from+2014-07-13+23%253A38%253A48.png\" width=\"400\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003EVo \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;- \u0026nbsp;Output Voltage\u003Cbr \/\u003EVxx \u0026nbsp;- \u0026nbsp;Nominal output voltage ( Output to Common ) of fixed regulator. Vxx is 5V for 7805, 8V for 7808 and 12V for 7812.\u003Cbr \/\u003EIo \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;- \u0026nbsp;Output Current.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: large;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: large;\"\u003EProcedure\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Initially, keep the resistance R2 at minimum position ( 0 Ohm ). Then Vo = Vxx. That is, output voltage will be equal to nominal output voltage ( 5V for 7805 ). Now put R2 at maximum position ( 200 Ohms ). Then measure the output voltage using a multimeter. I got an output voltage of 8.14V. Calculation can be summarised as given below.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EVo \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;= \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;8.14V\u003Cbr \/\u003EVxx \u0026nbsp;= \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;5.07V\u003Cbr \/\u003ER1 \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;= \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;420 Ohms\u003Cbr \/\u003ER2 \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;= \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;200 Ohms\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Substituting these values in the above formula, we will get \u003Ci\u003EIo. Io\u003C\/i\u003E will be same for a particular load, at different voltages. Using this value of \u0026nbsp;\u003Ci\u003EIo, Vxx\u003C\/i\u003E and \u003Ci\u003ER1\u003C\/i\u003E, we can calculate the value of \u0026nbsp;resistance R2 to be used for a desired value of \u003Ci\u003EVo. Vo\u003C\/i\u003E measured for various values of R2 using multimeter is given below. \u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-SdTJL5LFBX0\/U8LWiP3xcCI\/AAAAAAAATGc\/LGwwdVJAB5g\/s1600\/Gb3TTf1405277672.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" height=\"264\" src=\"https:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-SdTJL5LFBX0\/U8LWiP3xcCI\/AAAAAAAATGc\/LGwwdVJAB5g\/s1600\/Gb3TTf1405277672.jpg\" width=\"640\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: large;\"\u003EInference\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; From the table, it is clear that, Vo increase with increase in R2. So we will get a variable output voltage from 5.07V to 8.14V. An increase in the value of resistances above the values given in the table didn't give me an expected result.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/feeds\/8593389614465996357\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/07\/adjustable-output-voltage-regulator.html#comment-form","title":"8 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/8593389614465996357"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/8593389614465996357"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/07\/adjustable-output-voltage-regulator.html","title":"Adjustable Output Voltage Regulator using 7805"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"realfinetime"},"uri":{"$t":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/profile\/10464280231816201372"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-ily7KiqM8Yc\/U8K_2GyneyI\/AAAAAAAATF4\/LYTztJxlLYA\/s72-c\/TsIQv61405271880.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"8"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6452105337873332232.post-8858678491800059527"},"published":{"$t":"2014-07-08T11:08:00.000-07:00"},"updated":{"$t":"2016-11-15T19:57:53.315-08:00"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"5V Voltage Regulator"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"7805"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"78xx"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Electronics"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"IC"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Voltage Regulator"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"5V Fixed-Output Voltage Regulator using 7805"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Fixed-Output voltage regulator is an important component in most electronic appliances. Fixed voltage regulation is important for microcontrollers and microprocessors. For microcontroller applications, 5V fixed voltage regulators are used. Normally 7805 voltage regulator is used in such applications. 7805 comes under 78xx series.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Fixed voltage regulator designed using 7805 is given below. These regulators are special by its 1.5A output current capability, high power-dissipation capability, internal thermal-overload protection and internal short-circuit current limiting. Input voltage should be applied across the first and second pin of 7805. Input should be in the range of \u0026nbsp;7.5V to 10V. Second pin is common to both input and output. It is normally connected to ground. Output voltage is taken across the third and second pin. Output voltage is fixed and will be 5V.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-0niDXcNTd74\/U7wgKBepW8I\/AAAAAAAAR6k\/JH8FW0v5bwM\/s1600\/dkcydf1404837810.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" height=\"342\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-0niDXcNTd74\/U7wgKBepW8I\/AAAAAAAAR6k\/JH8FW0v5bwM\/s1600\/dkcydf1404837810.jpg\" width=\"640\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Capacitors should be connected in the input and output side of the circuit. Normally a 0.33 micro Farad capacitor is connected at the input side and a 0.1 micro Farad capacitor is connected at the output side. Capacitors are important because, all characteristics are measured after connecting these capacitors.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Other ICs in the 78xx series can be used to create fixed output voltages of different magnitudes. 7808, 7810, 7812, 7815, 7818 and 7824 can be used to create fixed output voltages of 8V, 10V, 12V,15V, 18V and 24V respectively.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/feeds\/8858678491800059527\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/07\/5v-fixed-output-voltage-regulator-using.html#comment-form","title":"4 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/8858678491800059527"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/8858678491800059527"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/07\/5v-fixed-output-voltage-regulator-using.html","title":"5V Fixed-Output Voltage Regulator using 7805"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"realfinetime"},"uri":{"$t":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/profile\/10464280231816201372"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-0niDXcNTd74\/U7wgKBepW8I\/AAAAAAAAR6k\/JH8FW0v5bwM\/s72-c\/dkcydf1404837810.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"4"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6452105337873332232.post-1542491480417404955"},"published":{"$t":"2014-06-28T20:05:00.001-07:00"},"updated":{"$t":"2016-11-15T19:52:24.112-08:00"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"7805"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"78xx"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Electronics"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"IC"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"IC REVIEW"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Voltage Regulator"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"Simple Tips for Efficient use of 78xx Linear Voltage Regulators"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E78xx is a series of linear voltage regulator integrated circuits. These integrated circuits are commonly used in circuits that require a regulated power supply. It is very cheap and is easy to use. These two factors make them special in voltage regulators. 78xx series have a complementary negative voltage regulator series and is designated by 79xx. In these series of ICs, xx indicates the output voltage from the regulator ( Eg: 7805 have an output voltage of 5V, 7812 have an output voltage of 12V ). Combination of 78xx and 79xx series is used to create positive and negative voltage in the same circuit.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: large;\"\u003EFeatures of 78xx regulators.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003E1. Three terminal regulators.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003E2.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003EInternal Short-Circuit Current Limiting.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003E3.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003EOutput Current up to 1.5 A.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003E4.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003EOutput Transistor Safe-Area Compensation.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003E5.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003EInternal Thermal-Overload Protection\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003E6.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"border: none; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: left;\"\u003EHigh Power-Dissipation Capability\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cb\u003EPin out diagram of 78xx Series Integrated Circuits.\u003C\/b\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-iOE1OaCKKLU\/U66Am110fGI\/AAAAAAAAQPg\/MOI0RFGhtLE\/s1600\/wWstOg1403943213.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" height=\"285\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-iOE1OaCKKLU\/U66Am110fGI\/AAAAAAAAQPg\/MOI0RFGhtLE\/s1600\/wWstOg1403943213.jpg\" width=\"400\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EFollowing table shows the part number, output voltage and input voltage range of 78xx series voltage regulators.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-hdWxvrTRAv8\/U66s5PB2vpI\/AAAAAAAAQPw\/8VH8cFvDfA8\/s1600\/ovUAlg1403948086.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" height=\"146\" src=\"https:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-hdWxvrTRAv8\/U66s5PB2vpI\/AAAAAAAAQPw\/8VH8cFvDfA8\/s1600\/ovUAlg1403948086.jpg\" width=\"640\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECircuit diagram to build a fixed-output regulator using 78xx is given below.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-UYI8UkJD0uc\/U67zp0s8byI\/AAAAAAAAQP8\/jTnfrodN-L8\/s1600\/q1LQNS1403974488.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" height=\"342\" src=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-UYI8UkJD0uc\/U67zp0s8byI\/AAAAAAAAQP8\/jTnfrodN-L8\/s1600\/q1LQNS1403974488.jpg\" width=\"640\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003ECapacitors should be included in the input and output side of the voltage regulator circuit. Because all characteristics are measured with a 0.33 µF capacitor across the input and a 0.1 µF capacitor across the output.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: large;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EAdvantages of 78xx Series\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E1. Don't require any external device to supply constant, regulated power. It is very cheap and is very easy to use.\u003Cbr \/\u003E2. They have protection against drawing too much power, overheating and short circuits. Current limiting features of 78xx not only protect the regulator, but also protect the other parts of circuit in some situations.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"font-size: large;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EDisadvantages of 78xx Series\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E1. Input voltage must always greater than the output voltage.That is, for 5V output from 7805, input voltage must be greater than 7.5V. So these devices cannot be powered from certain power sources. That is 7805 cannot be powered from a 6V battery.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E2. Input current required and the output current of 78xx series is same. But the output voltage is always less than the input voltage which means some amount of power is dissipated as heat inside the regulator. So proper heat sinking mechanism must be implemented. This loss of power also decreases the efficiency of regulator. This inefficiency become more significant if the input voltage is very higher than the output voltage.( Eg: Powering 7805 using 24V supply )\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/feeds\/1542491480417404955\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/06\/few-simple-tips-for-efficient-use-of.html#comment-form","title":"2 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/1542491480417404955"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/1542491480417404955"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/06\/few-simple-tips-for-efficient-use-of.html","title":"Simple Tips for Efficient use of 78xx Linear Voltage Regulators"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"realfinetime"},"uri":{"$t":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/profile\/10464280231816201372"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-iOE1OaCKKLU\/U66Am110fGI\/AAAAAAAAQPg\/MOI0RFGhtLE\/s72-c\/wWstOg1403943213.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"2"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6452105337873332232.post-6043929577257175480"},"published":{"$t":"2014-06-23T00:58:00.000-07:00"},"updated":{"$t":"2016-11-15T19:50:39.741-08:00"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"7805"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"ATmega328"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"ATmega8"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"IC"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Voltage Regulator"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"Circuit Diagram to Supply Steady 5V DC Power Supply to Microcontroller"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" trbidi=\"on\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003EConstant power supply is an important factor for the proper working of Microcontrollers. Voltage is commonly regulated using 7805 Voltage regulator.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-0MXHHHkE9WI\/U6fZM4uSstI\/AAAAAAAAQCE\/kHbwcvgWjrw\/s1600\/sE3lPn1403508974.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-0MXHHHkE9WI\/U6fZM4uSstI\/AAAAAAAAQCE\/kHbwcvgWjrw\/s1600\/sE3lPn1403508974.jpg\" height=\"277\" width=\"400\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E \u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003EFeatures of 7805 regulator.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E1. Three terminal regulators.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E2.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003EInternal Short-Circuit Current Limiting.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E3.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003EOutput Current up to 1.5 A.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E4.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003EOutput Transistor Safe-Area Compensation.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E5.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003EInternal Thermal-Overload Protection\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E6.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003EHigh Power-Dissipation Capability\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003EPositive line of the regulator output is given to the VCC\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E( Pin 7 )\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003E\u0026nbsp;of the microcontroller and negative line of the regulator output is given to the GND pin ( Pin 8 ) of microcontroller. Pinout diagram of ATMega328 is given below.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-d9bXnOTFEkU\/U6jq2tI8UcI\/AAAAAAAAQCY\/PUNyE3uB3ZA\/s1600\/nvB82J1403449884.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-d9bXnOTFEkU\/U6jq2tI8UcI\/AAAAAAAAQCY\/PUNyE3uB3ZA\/s1600\/nvB82J1403449884.jpg\" height=\"288\" width=\"400\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003EDon't forget to put a .33micro Farad capacitor at input side and a .1 micro Farad capacitor at the output side of the regulator.\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-PWEY1ML0OfM\/U6efiQVOfBI\/AAAAAAAAP7c\/k8_FOYOVy8A\/s1600\/KB17qf1403374676+%2528copy%2529.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" src=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-PWEY1ML0OfM\/U6efiQVOfBI\/AAAAAAAAP7c\/k8_FOYOVy8A\/s1600\/KB17qf1403374676+%2528copy%2529.jpg\" height=\"356\" width=\"640\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EIf your circuit is correct, then your microcontroller will working on a constant 5 voltage. Circuit will work even if the capacitors are not connected. But its better to add capacitors for the longer life of your voltage regulator and microcontroller.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E \u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/feeds\/6043929577257175480\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/06\/circuit-diagram-to-supply-steady-5v-dc.html#comment-form","title":"3 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/6043929577257175480"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/6452105337873332232\/posts\/default\/6043929577257175480"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.learnerswings.com\/2014\/06\/circuit-diagram-to-supply-steady-5v-dc.html","title":"Circuit Diagram to Supply Steady 5V DC Power Supply to Microcontroller"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"realfinetime"},"uri":{"$t":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/profile\/10464280231816201372"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-0MXHHHkE9WI\/U6fZM4uSstI\/AAAAAAAAQCE\/kHbwcvgWjrw\/s72-c\/sE3lPn1403508974.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"3"}}]}});